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(No Model.)

' C. M. DONELSON.

ROTARY GHURN.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFEicE.

CHARLES M. DONELSON, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH TERRITORY.

ROTARY CHURN.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Lettersl Patent No. 364,398, dated lune7, 1887.

Application filed January li, ISSY. Serial No. 9.24.0146. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, OHARLEs M. DoNELsoN, of Salt Lake City, in the countyof Salt Lake and Territory of Utah, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Rotary Churns; and I do hereby declare the following' tobea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and useit, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part ofthisspecilication.

My invention relates to an improvement in rotary churns; and it consistsin, rst, a casting having bearings for the driving-shaft, which has abeveled gear-wheel upon its inner end, and a cavity or aperture whichforms a bearing lfor the beveled pinion, which has a shank orprolongation that extends downward into the cavity, and into which shankthe upper end of the dashershaft passes, the cavity having an annulargroove at its bottom, so as to reduce friction, and a chamber, which isformed in the upper surface of the casting, around the beveled pinion,for the purpose of catching any wear or dust and preventing it fromworkingthroughthe bearing; second,in a churn, the combination, with thebody provided with sockets, of the legs which have their extreme upperends to pass into the sockets, and having shoulders upon whichtherchines of the churn-body rest, and the screw-rods which pass throughdiagonally-opposite legs for clamping them against the sides of thechurn-body. A

The object of my invention is to produce a cheap and simple castingwhich can be secured to one half of the lid, and which is constructed soas to form bearings for the operating mech' anism in such a manner thatthe lid may be removed from the churn without disturbing therelativeposition of the mechanism; to provide the churn with legs forsupporting it, and which can be readily detached therefrom; to catch anymilk or cream which may work through the bearing tothe top of thecasting, and to provide clamps for securing the halflids in positionupon the top ofthe churn.

Figure 1 is -a perspective of a churn embodying my invention. Fig. 2 isan enlarged side elevation of the operating mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the inner end of the casting. Fig. 4 isa plan view of the legs. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views.

A represents a cliurirbody, which is of any desired shape, size, orconstruction, and which is supported upon suitable legs or trestlework,as shown.

The lid or top of the churn is made of two pieces or halves, and uponone of these pieces or halves is secured the casting in which theoperating mechanism is placed. This casting consists of the horizontalportion B, which rests flatly upon one half ot' the lid or cover and issecured thereto in any suitable manner.

'Extending upward from this flat horizontal portion B are the twovertical standards C, which form bearings for the drivingshaft D. Theinner end of the casting has the downwardly-extending portion E, whichhas a cavity formed therein, as shown, for the purpose of forming abearing for the beveled pinion F. Formed around the bottom of the cavityis the annular groove I, which reduces the bearingsurface ofthe lowerend of the shank H, and hence reduces the friction of the pinion whenrevolving. The driving-shaft D has its outer `end bent at right anglesto its horizontal por tion, so as to form a crank in the usual manner.Secured to theinner cnd'of the drivingshaft D is the beveled geartwheelG, which engages the pinion or geur F, which gives a rotary motion tothe dasher-shaft when caused to revolve. -The pinion or gem-wheel F isprovided with a shank or prolongation, H, which extends downward intothe cavity formed in the inner end of the casting, and rests upon thepoint J. NVhen the drivingwheel G is caused to revolve and a rotaryinotion is imparted to the pinion F, the tendency is to force the pinionF downward, and this downward pressure causes a great friction of thelower end of the shank upon the bottom of the cavity. The bottom of thecavity being provided with the annular groove I, this fric tionalcontact, which would otherwise be very great, is reduced to a minimum.Formed in the top of the casting, around the cavity which forms abearing for the shank H, is the annular groove K, which forms a chamberfor catching any wear or dust which is liable to occur from workingthrough the cavity, and

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is thus prevented from running back into the churn and spoiling thebutter which is being churned.

Formed in the lower end of the shank I-I, and passing only partiallythrough it, is a square opening, L, for the reception of the upper endof the dasher-shaft M, which is also correspondingly shaped. The upperend of the shaft M passes snugly but loosely through the lower end ofthe cavity, which forms a bearing for the shank H, and hence has noother bearing at its upper end than the shank itself. The lower end ofthe shaft M will be pivoted in a metallicplate which is secured to thebottom of the churn in the usual manner.

By providing the casting with the portion E, havinga cavity for thereception of the shank II of the beveled pinion, the lid can be re movedat any time, and the casting with it, without in any manner interferingwith the relative position of the gear-wheels. By lifting upward uponthe half-lid to which the casting is secured, the weight of the shai't Mand the dasher will `cause the upper end of the dasher-shaft to withdrawfrom the hole L and allow the lid carrying the casting and the gearingto be quickly and readily removed or placed in position upon the top ofthe churn.

n Secured to the side of the churn-body, near its lower end, are themetallic sockets I), into which the upper ends ofthe legs Q are passed,bringing the shoulders R in contact with the chines of the body, andupon which all weight of the chu r11-body and its contents resls.Passing through diagonallyopposite legs are the screw-rods S, which areprovided for the purpose of drawing the legs toward each other andclamping them tightly against the sides of the body of the churn. As itis desirable to manufacture the body of the churn of as thin material aspossible, there is not snflicient thickness to hold screws large enoughto enable the socketsP to sustain the weight of the churn-body,itscontents, and the strain which is necessarily brought upon it when inoperation, and hence the shoulders, which support all of the weight, andthe screw-rods S, are provided. By means ofthe screw-rods, which clampthe legs against the side of the churn, and the shoulders R, the socketsI) are relieved from all strain and weight and serve merely as guidesfor the upper ends of the legs. By loosening the tension of thescrew-rods the legs canv be readily and quickly detached from the churnwhenever desired, or can be applied to churn-bodies of different sizes.The lower ends of the legs are held in theirproper rela tive position bymeans of suitable stays.

In order to hold the half-lids rigidly in their proper position upon thetop of the churn, a

suitable number of metal strips or rods, T, extend up the side of thechurn and have their lower ends bent, as shown in Fig. 5, so as to passunder and up behind the chines. Thesestrips are provided with holes forsecuring them to the side of the churn; but as the churn-body isconstructed of thin material, large screws cannot be used, and hence itis absolutely necessary that these lower ends should pass under thechines, as shown, and upon which all strain is brought. rIhe upper endsof these strips are formed into hooks, which pass through eyes in thelower ends of the screw-rods U. The upper ends of the rods U areprovided with thumbnuts for the pur` pose of clamping the lid upon thetop of the churn to any desired degree. By having the strip T extendunder the chines, as shown, all strain is brought upon'theselower bentends, and by having the rod U ileXibly and detachably connected to thestrip T, when it is desired to remove the lid or cover from the topofthe churn, it is only necessary to loosen the thu rnb-nuts butslightly, when they can be thrown to one side, as shown in dotted linesin Fig. 1, and the lid removed. The half-lids are provided with asuitable number of slotted plates N, into which the upper ends of therods U pass.

I ani aware that sockets have been secured to a body so as to receivethe upper ends of the supporting-legs, and this I disclaim. My inventiondiifers from this in passing screw rods through the upper ends of thelegs, so as to clamp the legs tightly against the body, and e thusenable both body and legs to be carried around together without anydanger of their becoming separated, as would be the `case if no suchclamps were used.

. Having thus described my invention, I claiml. In av churn mechanism,the combination of the casting B, formed with bearings C, thedownwardly*extending portion E, having a cavity therein and providedwith the annular groovel, and chamber K, with the shaft M, beveledpinion F, having the shank H, beveled gear-wheel G, and shaft D,substantially as described.

2. In a churn, the combination, with the body provided with the socketsI?, of the logs Q, having the shoulders R, and the screw-rods S, forclamping them tightly against the ehurnbody, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereofI affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES M. DONELSON.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM FULLER, Ron-T. T. MCEWAN.

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